The legislative body of the Republic of Lithuania – the Seimas – has 141 members elected for a four-year term on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage, by secret ballot. The election system is mixed: 71 seats contested in single-member constituencies, and the rest in multi-member constituencies (party lists).

The 2008 Seimas has eight political groups: the Political Group of the Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats, the National Revival Political Group, the Liberals Movement Political Group, the Liberal and Centre Political Group, the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party Group, the Labour Party Group, Order and Justice Party Group and the mixed political group of members of the Seimas.

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